How would you determine the ground state of a quantum system with no exact solution?

在没有精确解情况下你如何确定子系统基态？

But as some of the excited electrons fall back to their ground states, they emit energy as light.

不过当一部分激发电子回它们基态时候，它们会释放，即光。

Instead, the excited nucleus just decays into a ground state nucleus and a gamma ray.

反而，从高粒子衰变成低粒子与gamma射线。

That is plenty of time for them to relax into their ground state, the most energetically stable condition they can be in.

这一时间足以让反氢原子弛豫，回基态，即它们可达最稳定状态。

Now when all those electrons drop down to the ground state, that atom is going to release some gamma radiation.

现在，当所有这些电子下降基态时，该原子将释放一些伽马辐射。

As the muon drops down to this different ground state, an x-ray is emitted—alerting Krauth's team that the transition has occurred.

当 μ 子下降这种不同基态时，会发 X 射线——提醒 Krauth 团队过渡已经发生。

Bombard an ordinary hydrogen atom with microwaves of the right frequency and you will lift it out of its ground state by flipping the spin of its electron.

以特定频率微波轰击普通氢原子可以反转其中电子自旋，使其跃迁离开基态。

So the muon starts in a semi-stable place—the food-messy desk—moves up to an unstable state—the clean desk—and then cascades down to a different stable ground state—the paper-messy desk.

因此，介子从一个半稳定地方开始——食物凌乱桌子——上升一个不稳定状态——干净桌子——然后向下级联另一个稳定基态- 乱七八糟桌子。

For example, if you heat table salt you'll always see the same two lines in the exact same part of the spectrum as certain electrons in sodium absorb energy and then return to their ground state, giving off light.

例如，如果你加热食盐，你总是会在光谱完全相同部分看同样两条线，因为钠中某些电子吸收，然后返回基态，发光。